Improvement in paraffine-lamps



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY EYDER, OF SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS,

IMPROVEMENT IN PARAFFlNE-LAMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 138,441, dated April'29, 1873; application led October 2, 1872.

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY RYDER, of Som erville, in the county ofMiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and usefulApparatus for Obtaining Light from the Combustion of Paraffine orvarious other analogous substances; and I do hereby declare the same tobe fully described in the following specification and represented in theaccompanying drawing, which is a longitudinal section of the apparatushereinafter described.

In the form shown in such drawing, the appara-tus is designed forilluminating` a railway carriage or a chamber or place liable to havestrong aerial currents passing through it, the apparatus causing them toexercise little or no influence on the flame of the Wick to induce suchalne to often dicker, smoke, or be unsteady. Furthermore, theapparatusadmits of parafiine bein g burned in it without the necessityof any glass chimney to project up from the burner or wick-tube, thechimney used not extending down to the burner, but being entirely abovesuch, with a space between the two. Such chimney is notonly for thedissipation of the volatile products of combustion, but to heat orconvey heat from them into a reservoir encompassing the chimney, andcontaining or to contain a quantity of the paraftine to be renderedfluid by such heat.

In the drawing, A denotes a lantern-case, prismatic in shape, andprovided with tubular curved arms B B B B projecting up from it for thepurpose of lixing it to theceilin g or roof of a car. The three uppersides of the frame fof the case I provide on their inner surfaces withrelectors a b c, the other sides, as well as the two ends being composedof or furnished withpanes of glass d d e for the dispersion of thelight. The ends of the frame are to be tubular, and to open into thearms B, which, by suitable conduits h, are to communicate with one ortwo air'receiving chambers, O C, arranged in the top of case A, therebeing between such chambers, or against each, a reservoir, D, forholding paraffine. The chimney E extends vertically through thereservoir D and below the top of the lantern-case in manner asrepresented. Each air-receiving chamber O has a series of holes orinducts in the lower part of it. Furthermore, there is arranged in thebottom of the lanterncase, so as to project both above and below it, atube, F, to constitute the outer boundary of an air-receiving space orchamber, G, extending around and arranged con- A centrically with anauxiliary reservoir or lampbody, H. The bottom g ofthe air-chamberG isaffixed to the reservoir A, and should be separate from the tube F, thetwo being provided with a bayonet connection. Tubes h', extending fromthe air-chamber G, to and opening into the tubular endsofthelantern-case, serve, with such parts, to convey air from thechambers O into the chamber G, the air so conveyed being heated more orless, and serving to supply the wick with oxygen for the support ofcombustion. A conical or tapering hood or cap, I, foraminous at the topof the chamber G, fits upon and surmounts the reservoir H,

land constitutes the top or cover of the chamber G, the cap fittingtightly to the reservoir H, and being separate from the tube F.Furthermore, there is to the reservoir H a wicktube, K, which extendsinto a cylindrical metallic cup or guard, L, projecting into thereservoir, and also above its cap d. There should be one or more holesthrough the guard, so as to allow the liquid of the reservoir to flowfreely into the guard and to the wick e. In the upper part of the guardare horizontal partitions j" j", which connect it with the guard andwick-tube, small cups or spaces g g, each being to hold paraffine, and asmall mass of asbestus, (to serve as a wick,) in order to burn theparafne against the wick-tube and in the guard, for the purpose ofrendering fluid the parafine on Ythe wick at the time it may bedesirable to inilame the lamp. The guard L serves not only to conductheat down into the mass of parafline that may be in the reservoir H, butit protects the wick so as to prevent it from being drawn out of thewick-tube while the latter may bein the act of being extracted from thereservoir. A short pipe, h2, leading up from the reservoir-H, fits intoa longer pipe, t, extending down from the reservoir D. A plug, k,screwed into the top of the reservoir D, serves to regulate the iiowageof the liquid from said reservoir. Furthermore, there is to thewick-tube a slotted cone or air-deflector, m', supported by standards nn erected on. a ring or short tube, o, which encompasses and tits uponthe upper part of the Wick-tube guard L, the diameter of the deectorcorresponding with or being a little greater than that of the opening inthe top of the foraminous cap I. rllhe deiiector on', the standards n,and ring o, besides answering to dellect air to the wick, serve toconvey heat from the llame to the guard L.

To put the apparatus in operation, if we suppose the reservoirs to becharged with solid parafii-ne, a person has only to put a small quantityof such material in one of the cups or spaces g, and to inflame theasbestus therein, which, melting and absorbingthe parafne, will burn thelatter, and thereby heat the wick-tube and guard, and, as a consequence,the wick willbe inflamed and heat will beconducted down into the parafnein the lower reservoir. The heat ofthe name of the wick, on passingthrough the chimney, will raise the temperature of and render fluid themass of parafne in the upper reservoir, which, as may be required, willflow down into the lower reservoir and keep such llled or supplied. Airfor maintenance of combustion will ilow into the chamber or receptacleson the top of the case, and, being warmed by heat radiated from theupper reservoir, will pass down into the chamber G, from whence it willescape point of combustion. The wick will burn with a steady and,generally speaking, smokeless llame 5 the rays of light from which willbe delected by the deiectors and radiated through the glass sides andends of the lantern-case.

To distinguish the apparatus in question from others analogous thereto,I term it a chandelume.

In it I now make no claim to the lanterncase in part or parts situatedover the lamp or burner at the lower part of the case; but in saidapparatus- I claim as my invention the following, Viz:

1. The combination of the lighting cup or cups g with the wick-tube K,wick-guard L, and reservoir H, all being arranged as set forth.

2. The air-deliector m', the wick-tube K,

and the wickguard L, arranged and connected as represented.

HENRY RYDER. Witnesses:

R. H. EDDY, J. R. SNow.

